thrust network analysis (TNA)

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For a random arched structure, (a) a possible thrust line and its equivalent hanging chain are constructed using graphic statics; (b) the force equilibrium of the system is represented in the funicular polygon; (c) the equilibrium of one of the voussoirs; and, (d) the vectors representing the forces in and on the block

For every masonry structural element, there is an infinite amount of valid thrust lines that fit within its section, all lying between a maximum and minimum value.

This image compares (a) a semi-circular arch with (b) a pointed arch with the same t/R ratio. The minimum and maximum thrust of each arch is shown

(Block et al., 2017)

(Adriaenssens et al., 2014)

(Block et al., 2006)